Response of The Glory Field
The Glory Field
by Walter Dean Myers
Jinu Baek
I entered a whole new world, the scary and dangerous world. I got whipped by whites, and I lived in misery. I was in the scary slave ship, and I was in the Live Oak Plantation, and I sailed on the ship against the storm. In the journey of 375 pages, I was a part of the book. I was trying to go to the college, and I was making a speech, and I was on the trip from New York to South Carolina. Muhammad Bilal was taken to America by the slave ship. Lizzy worked on the Like Oak Plantation. Elijah Lewis sailed against the strong storm, and Luvenia tried to go to the college. Tommy Lewis made a speech, and Malcolm had a trip from New York to South Carolina.
While Muhammad was hunting a Seen-Ba, slave catchers got him and he was sent to the slave ship. Muhammad had such a hard time in the slave ship. It was bloody, full of screaming of dying people, crying of babies, smell of waste, and diseases. " ...dead...screams....terrifying...darkness..."(P.7)
Lizzy was working on the Live Oak Plantation. Lizzy escaped later and finally reached yankee's camp, "excited... scared... both"(p.61) Lizzy had to escape because if she didn't, she would get whipped by slave owner.
Elijah's grandparents needed money to live. Elijah decided to earn some money by rescuing Little David. He sailed through the storm. It was really hard. "The water just beyond the first bank was rough with breaker line running at a sharp angle to the shore"(p.108). Finally, he earned some money.
Luvenia wanted to go to the college and tried very hard, but it was really hard to make it because she was a black. She decided to open hair dressing business instead. She became a successful businesswoman. "The party lifted Luvenia more than she thought it would. There ws something in the air, feeling that everybody in the small apartment could sense, which held them all together"(p.205).
Tommy was a highschool basketball player. He had an opportunity to go to the college, but he had to follow white rules if he wants to go to the college. Instead, he made a powerful demonstration at the Press Meeting about how hard and painful it was being a black."didn't give us the keys...only the chains...(p.284). He put into jail and lost his opportunity.
Malcolm had a trip from New York to South Carolina, where the Glory Field and Live Oak Plantation were. He learned the family history.
The Glory Field is where Lam, who was the boy escaped from Live Oak Plantation with Lizzy was buried. They couldn't bury him in the Live Oak Plantation because the slave owner didn't allow them to. After he escaped, he died in the Civil War.Slavery started because of the money. Even though it is really bad reason to be slave, blacks tried to be freed men as Lam did. It was a long journey and now, it became much better like blacks can sit on the front of the bus, and they also have power to vote. I'm glad that now segregation is getting weaker and weaker.
-Jinu Baek-
by Walter Dean Myers
Jinu Baek
I entered a whole new world, the scary and dangerous world. I got whipped by whites, and I lived in misery. I was in the scary slave ship, and I was in the Live Oak Plantation, and I sailed on the ship against the storm. In the journey of 375 pages, I was a part of the book. I was trying to go to the college, and I was making a speech, and I was on the trip from New York to South Carolina. Muhammad Bilal was taken to America by the slave ship. Lizzy worked on the Like Oak Plantation. Elijah Lewis sailed against the strong storm, and Luvenia tried to go to the college. Tommy Lewis made a speech, and Malcolm had a trip from New York to South Carolina.
While Muhammad was hunting a Seen-Ba, slave catchers got him and he was sent to the slave ship. Muhammad had such a hard time in the slave ship. It was bloody, full of screaming of dying people, crying of babies, smell of waste, and diseases. " ...dead...screams....terrifying...darkness..."(P.7)
Lizzy was working on the Live Oak Plantation. Lizzy escaped later and finally reached yankee's camp, "excited... scared... both"(p.61) Lizzy had to escape because if she didn't, she would get whipped by slave owner.
Elijah's grandparents needed money to live. Elijah decided to earn some money by rescuing Little David. He sailed through the storm. It was really hard. "The water just beyond the first bank was rough with breaker line running at a sharp angle to the shore"(p.108). Finally, he earned some money.
Luvenia wanted to go to the college and tried very hard, but it was really hard to make it because she was a black. She decided to open hair dressing business instead. She became a successful businesswoman. "The party lifted Luvenia more than she thought it would. There ws something in the air, feeling that everybody in the small apartment could sense, which held them all together"(p.205).
Tommy was a highschool basketball player. He had an opportunity to go to the college, but he had to follow white rules if he wants to go to the college. Instead, he made a powerful demonstration at the Press Meeting about how hard and painful it was being a black."didn't give us the keys...only the chains...(p.284). He put into jail and lost his opportunity.
Malcolm had a trip from New York to South Carolina, where the Glory Field and Live Oak Plantation were. He learned the family history.
The Glory Field is where Lam, who was the boy escaped from Live Oak Plantation with Lizzy was buried. They couldn't bury him in the Live Oak Plantation because the slave owner didn't allow them to. After he escaped, he died in the Civil War.Slavery started because of the money. Even though it is really bad reason to be slave, blacks tried to be freed men as Lam did. It was a long journey and now, it became much better like blacks can sit on the front of the bus, and they also have power to vote. I'm glad that now segregation is getting weaker and weaker.
-Jinu Baek-
Monday, March 10, 2008
Jinu's Glory Field's Song
Jinu's blog's song
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(Bayview School Song)
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
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Everybody happy face~
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It is the famous blog~
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Everybody like to
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(Bayview School Song)
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Sunday, March 9, 2008
2 Important events
1.Washington,D.C. About 200,000 people join the March on Washington. Congregating at the Lincoln Memorial, participants listen as Martin Luther King dilivers his famous "I Have a Dream"speech.
2.On August 20th 1955, Marnie Till-Bradley of Chicago puts her only child, 14-year old, black Chkcago youth, Emmett Louis Till on a train to visit relatives Money, Mississippi. In a week's time, Emmett is adbucted from his great-unclehome, tortured and murdered for whisting at a white woman in public. Two men, Roy Bryant and J.W.Milarn would confess to the murder to reporter, William Bradford Huie for $4,000. 'Double Jeopardy Rule,' prevented them from being tried again.
(Emmitt Till website..(have link over here------->)
2.On August 20th 1955, Marnie Till-Bradley of Chicago puts her only child, 14-year old, black Chkcago youth, Emmett Louis Till on a train to visit relatives Money, Mississippi. In a week's time, Emmett is adbucted from his great-unclehome, tortured and murdered for whisting at a white woman in public. Two men, Roy Bryant and J.W.Milarn would confess to the murder to reporter, William Bradford Huie for $4,000. 'Double Jeopardy Rule,' prevented them from being tried again.
(Emmitt Till website..(have link over here------->)
Friday, March 7, 2008
Emmitt TIll image(Don't watch if you don't like disgusting things)
http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://www.emmetttillmurder.com/Picture%2520of%2520Emmett%2520Till.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.emmetttillmurder.com/Picture%2520of%2520Emmett%2520Till.htm&h=194&w=243&sz=26&hl=en&start=8&tbnid=2tPOZYtm2hxEzM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=110&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEmmitt%2BTill%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DG
Tuesday, March 4, 2008
JJJJJJJJJJJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIINNNNNNNNNUUUUUUUUU
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
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OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU
EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
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OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU
Jinu's Glory Field's song
Jinu's blog's song
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Everybody happy face~
Everybody like to come~~
It is the famous blog~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to
Everybody like to
Everybody like to come~~
(Bayview School Song)
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Everybody happy face~
Everybody like to come~~
It is the famous blog~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to
Everybody like to
Everybody like to come~~
(Bayview School Song)
Jinu's Glory Field's song
Jinu's blog's song
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Everybody happy face~
Everybody like to come~~
It is the famous blog~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to
Everybody like to
Everybody like to come~~
(Bayview School Song)
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Everybody happy face~
Everybody like to come~~
It is the famous blog~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to come~~
Jinu's blog is the coolest blog~~
Everybody like to
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(Bayview School Song)
Civil War from Wikipedia
Slavery
Main article: History of slavery in the United States
A strong correlation was shown between the degree of support for secession and the number of plantations in the region; states of the deep South which had the greatest concentration of plantations were the first to secede. The upper South slave states of Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, and Tennessee had fewer plantations and rejected secession until the Fort Sumter crisis forced them to choose sides. Border states had fewer plantations still and never seceded.[21][22] The percentage of Southern whites living in families that owned slaves was 36.7 percent in the lower South, 25.3 percent in the upper South and 15.9 percent in the border states that fought mostly for the Union.[23][24] Ninety-five percent of blacks lived in the South, comprising one third of the population there as opposed to one percent of the population of the North. Consequently, fears of eventual emancipation were much greater in the South than in the North.[25]
Abraham Lincoln 16th President of the United States (1861–1865)The Supreme Court decision of 1857 in Dred Scott v. Sandford added to the controversy. Chief Justice Roger B. Taney's decision said that slaves were "so far inferior that they had no rights which the white man was bound to respect",[26] and that slavery could spread into the territories. Lincoln warned that "the next Dred Scott decision"[27] could threaten northern states with slavery.
Northern politician Abraham Lincoln said, "this question of Slavery was more important than any other; indeed, so much more important has it become that no other national question can even get a hearing just at present."[28] The slavery issue was related to sectional competition for control of the territories,[29] and the Southern demand for a slave code for the territories was the issue used by Southern politicians to split the Democratic Party in two, which all but guaranteed the election of Lincoln and secession. When secession was an issue, South Carolina planter and state Senator John Townsend said that "our enemies are about to take possession of the Government, that they intend to rule us according to the caprices of their fanatical theories, and according to the declared purposes of abolishing slavery."[30] Similar opinions were expressed throughout the South in editorials, political speeches and declarations of reasons for secession. Even though Lincoln had no plans to outlaw slavery where it existed,
Southern concerns included not only economic loss but also fears of racial equality.[31][32][33][34] The Texas Declaration of Causes for Secession[35][36] said that the non-slave-holding states were "proclaiming the debasing doctrine of equality of all men, irrespective of race or color", and that the African race "were rightfully held and regarded as an inferior and dependent race". Alabama secessionist E. S. Dargan said that emancipation would make Southerners feel "demoralized and degraded".[37]
Beginning in the 1830s, the U.S. Postmaster General refused to allow mail which carried abolition pamphlets to the South.[38] Northern teachers suspected of any tinge of abolitionism were expelled from the South, and abolitionist literature was banned. Southerners rejected the denials of Republicans that they were abolitionists.[39] John Brown's raid on the federal Harpers Ferry Armory greatly increased Southern fears of slave insurrections.[40] The North felt threatened as well, for as Eric Foner concludes, "Northerners came to view slavery as the very antithesis of the good society, as well as a threat to their own fundamental values and interests".[41]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
Main article: History of slavery in the United States
A strong correlation was shown between the degree of support for secession and the number of plantations in the region; states of the deep South which had the greatest concentration of plantations were the first to secede. The upper South slave states of Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, and Tennessee had fewer plantations and rejected secession until the Fort Sumter crisis forced them to choose sides. Border states had fewer plantations still and never seceded.[21][22] The percentage of Southern whites living in families that owned slaves was 36.7 percent in the lower South, 25.3 percent in the upper South and 15.9 percent in the border states that fought mostly for the Union.[23][24] Ninety-five percent of blacks lived in the South, comprising one third of the population there as opposed to one percent of the population of the North. Consequently, fears of eventual emancipation were much greater in the South than in the North.[25]
Abraham Lincoln 16th President of the United States (1861–1865)The Supreme Court decision of 1857 in Dred Scott v. Sandford added to the controversy. Chief Justice Roger B. Taney's decision said that slaves were "so far inferior that they had no rights which the white man was bound to respect",[26] and that slavery could spread into the territories. Lincoln warned that "the next Dred Scott decision"[27] could threaten northern states with slavery.
Northern politician Abraham Lincoln said, "this question of Slavery was more important than any other; indeed, so much more important has it become that no other national question can even get a hearing just at present."[28] The slavery issue was related to sectional competition for control of the territories,[29] and the Southern demand for a slave code for the territories was the issue used by Southern politicians to split the Democratic Party in two, which all but guaranteed the election of Lincoln and secession. When secession was an issue, South Carolina planter and state Senator John Townsend said that "our enemies are about to take possession of the Government, that they intend to rule us according to the caprices of their fanatical theories, and according to the declared purposes of abolishing slavery."[30] Similar opinions were expressed throughout the South in editorials, political speeches and declarations of reasons for secession. Even though Lincoln had no plans to outlaw slavery where it existed,
Southern concerns included not only economic loss but also fears of racial equality.[31][32][33][34] The Texas Declaration of Causes for Secession[35][36] said that the non-slave-holding states were "proclaiming the debasing doctrine of equality of all men, irrespective of race or color", and that the African race "were rightfully held and regarded as an inferior and dependent race". Alabama secessionist E. S. Dargan said that emancipation would make Southerners feel "demoralized and degraded".[37]
Beginning in the 1830s, the U.S. Postmaster General refused to allow mail which carried abolition pamphlets to the South.[38] Northern teachers suspected of any tinge of abolitionism were expelled from the South, and abolitionist literature was banned. Southerners rejected the denials of Republicans that they were abolitionists.[39] John Brown's raid on the federal Harpers Ferry Armory greatly increased Southern fears of slave insurrections.[40] The North felt threatened as well, for as Eric Foner concludes, "Northerners came to view slavery as the very antithesis of the good society, as well as a threat to their own fundamental values and interests".[41]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
Civil War from Wikipedia
Slavery
Main article: History of slavery in the United States
A strong correlation was shown between the degree of support for secession and the number of plantations in the region; states of the deep South which had the greatest concentration of plantations were the first to secede. The upper South slave states of Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, and Tennessee had fewer plantations and rejected secession until the Fort Sumter crisis forced them to choose sides. Border states had fewer plantations still and never seceded.[21][22] The percentage of Southern whites living in families that owned slaves was 36.7 percent in the lower South, 25.3 percent in the upper South and 15.9 percent in the border states that fought mostly for the Union.[23][24] Ninety-five percent of blacks lived in the South, comprising one third of the population there as opposed to one percent of the population of the North. Consequently, fears of eventual emancipation were much greater in the South than in the North.[25]
Abraham Lincoln 16th President of the United States (1861–1865)The Supreme Court decision of 1857 in Dred Scott v. Sandford added to the controversy. Chief Justice Roger B. Taney's decision said that slaves were "so far inferior that they had no rights which the white man was bound to respect",[26] and that slavery could spread into the territories. Lincoln warned that "the next Dred Scott decision"[27] could threaten northern states with slavery.
Northern politician Abraham Lincoln said, "this question of Slavery was more important than any other; indeed, so much more important has it become that no other national question can even get a hearing just at present."[28] The slavery issue was related to sectional competition for control of the territories,[29] and the Southern demand for a slave code for the territories was the issue used by Southern politicians to split the Democratic Party in two, which all but guaranteed the election of Lincoln and secession. When secession was an issue, South Carolina planter and state Senator John Townsend said that "our enemies are about to take possession of the Government, that they intend to rule us according to the caprices of their fanatical theories, and according to the declared purposes of abolishing slavery."[30] Similar opinions were expressed throughout the South in editorials, political speeches and declarations of reasons for secession. Even though Lincoln had no plans to outlaw slavery where it existed, Southerners throughout the South expressed fears for the future of slavery.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
Southern concerns included not only economic loss but also fears of racial equality.[31][32][33][34] The Texas Declaration of Causes for Secession[35][36] said that the non-slave-holding states were "proclaiming the debasing doctrine of equality of all men, irrespective of race or color", and that the African race "were rightfully held and regarded as an inferior and dependent race". Alabama secessionist E. S. Dargan said that emancipation would make Southerners feel "demoralized and degraded".[37]
Beginning in the 1830s, the U.S. Postmaster General refused to allow mail which carried abolition pamphlets to the South.[38] Northern teachers suspected of any tinge of abolitionism were expelled from the South, and abolitionist literature was banned. Southerners rejected the denials of Republicans that they were abolitionists.[39] John Brown's raid on the federal Harpers Ferry Armory greatly increased Southern fears of slave insurrections.[40] The North felt threatened as well, for as Eric Foner concludes, "Northerners came to view slavery as the very antithesis of the good society, as well as a threat to their own fundamental values and interests".[41]
Main article: History of slavery in the United States
A strong correlation was shown between the degree of support for secession and the number of plantations in the region; states of the deep South which had the greatest concentration of plantations were the first to secede. The upper South slave states of Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, and Tennessee had fewer plantations and rejected secession until the Fort Sumter crisis forced them to choose sides. Border states had fewer plantations still and never seceded.[21][22] The percentage of Southern whites living in families that owned slaves was 36.7 percent in the lower South, 25.3 percent in the upper South and 15.9 percent in the border states that fought mostly for the Union.[23][24] Ninety-five percent of blacks lived in the South, comprising one third of the population there as opposed to one percent of the population of the North. Consequently, fears of eventual emancipation were much greater in the South than in the North.[25]
Abraham Lincoln 16th President of the United States (1861–1865)The Supreme Court decision of 1857 in Dred Scott v. Sandford added to the controversy. Chief Justice Roger B. Taney's decision said that slaves were "so far inferior that they had no rights which the white man was bound to respect",[26] and that slavery could spread into the territories. Lincoln warned that "the next Dred Scott decision"[27] could threaten northern states with slavery.
Northern politician Abraham Lincoln said, "this question of Slavery was more important than any other; indeed, so much more important has it become that no other national question can even get a hearing just at present."[28] The slavery issue was related to sectional competition for control of the territories,[29] and the Southern demand for a slave code for the territories was the issue used by Southern politicians to split the Democratic Party in two, which all but guaranteed the election of Lincoln and secession. When secession was an issue, South Carolina planter and state Senator John Townsend said that "our enemies are about to take possession of the Government, that they intend to rule us according to the caprices of their fanatical theories, and according to the declared purposes of abolishing slavery."[30] Similar opinions were expressed throughout the South in editorials, political speeches and declarations of reasons for secession. Even though Lincoln had no plans to outlaw slavery where it existed, Southerners throughout the South expressed fears for the future of slavery.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
Southern concerns included not only economic loss but also fears of racial equality.[31][32][33][34] The Texas Declaration of Causes for Secession[35][36] said that the non-slave-holding states were "proclaiming the debasing doctrine of equality of all men, irrespective of race or color", and that the African race "were rightfully held and regarded as an inferior and dependent race". Alabama secessionist E. S. Dargan said that emancipation would make Southerners feel "demoralized and degraded".[37]
Beginning in the 1830s, the U.S. Postmaster General refused to allow mail which carried abolition pamphlets to the South.[38] Northern teachers suspected of any tinge of abolitionism were expelled from the South, and abolitionist literature was banned. Southerners rejected the denials of Republicans that they were abolitionists.[39] John Brown's raid on the federal Harpers Ferry Armory greatly increased Southern fears of slave insurrections.[40] The North felt threatened as well, for as Eric Foner concludes, "Northerners came to view slavery as the very antithesis of the good society, as well as a threat to their own fundamental values and interests".[41]
Monday, March 3, 2008
Mr. Luther King
1968 Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King, Jr. assassinated; Rep. John Conyers, D-Mich., introduces legislation for federal holiday to commemorate King
1973
Illinois is first state to adopt MLK Day as a state holiday
1983
Congress passes, President Reagan signs, legislation creating Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
1986
Federal MLK holiday goes into effect
1987
Arizona governor Evan Mecham rescinds MLK Day as his first act in office, setting off a boycott of the state.
1989
State MLK holiday adopted in 44 states
1991
The NFL moves the 1993 Super Bowl site from Phoenix, Ariz., to Pasadena, Calif., because of the MLK Day boycott.
1992
Arizona citizens vote to enact MLK Day. The Super Bowl is held in Tempe, Ariz. in 1996.
1993
For the first time, MLK Day is held in some form—sometimes under a different name, and not always as a paid state holiday—in all fifty states.
1999
New Hampshire becomes the last state to adopt MLK Day as a paid state holiday, replacing its optional Civil Rights Day.
2000
Utah becomes the last state to recognize MLK Day by name, renaming its Human Rights Day state holiday.
South Carolina becomes the last state to make MLK Day a paid holiday for all state employees. Until now, employees could choose between celebrating it or one of three Confederate-related holidays.
See more...
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/mlkhistory1.html
Martin Luther King, Jr. assassinated; Rep. John Conyers, D-Mich., introduces legislation for federal holiday to commemorate King
1973
Illinois is first state to adopt MLK Day as a state holiday
1983
Congress passes, President Reagan signs, legislation creating Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
1986
Federal MLK holiday goes into effect
1987
Arizona governor Evan Mecham rescinds MLK Day as his first act in office, setting off a boycott of the state.
1989
State MLK holiday adopted in 44 states
1991
The NFL moves the 1993 Super Bowl site from Phoenix, Ariz., to Pasadena, Calif., because of the MLK Day boycott.
1992
Arizona citizens vote to enact MLK Day. The Super Bowl is held in Tempe, Ariz. in 1996.
1993
For the first time, MLK Day is held in some form—sometimes under a different name, and not always as a paid state holiday—in all fifty states.
1999
New Hampshire becomes the last state to adopt MLK Day as a paid state holiday, replacing its optional Civil Rights Day.
2000
Utah becomes the last state to recognize MLK Day by name, renaming its Human Rights Day state holiday.
South Carolina becomes the last state to make MLK Day a paid holiday for all state employees. Until now, employees could choose between celebrating it or one of three Confederate-related holidays.
See more...
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/mlkhistory1.html
Tuesday, February 26, 2008
Jim Crow Laws
Jim Crow Laws
Starting in the 1890s, states throughout the South passed laws designed to prevent Black citizens from improving their status or achieving equality. These statutes, which together were known as Jim Crow, were in place and enforced until the 1950s and 60s. Here is a sampling of those laws, grouped by topic.
EDUCATION
Florida: The schools for white children and the schools for negro children shall be conducted separately.
Kentucky: The children of white and colored races committed to reform schools shall be kept entirely separate from each other.
Mississippi: Separate schools shall be maintained for the children of the white and colored races.
Mississippi: Separate free schools shall be established for the education of children of African descent; and it shall be unlawful for any colored child to attend any white school, or any white child to attend a colored school.
New Mexico: Separate rooms shall be provided for the teaching of pupils of African descent, and such pupils may not be admitted to the school rooms occupied and used by pupils of Caucasian or other descent.
North Carolina: School textbooks shall not be interchangeable between the white and colored schools, but shall continue to be used by the race first using them.
ENTERTAINMENT
Alabama: It shall be unlawful to conduct a restaurant or other place for the serving of food in the city, at which white and colored people are served in the same room, unless such white and colored persons are effectually separated by a solid partition extending from the floor upward to a distance of seven feet or higher, and unless a separate entrance from the street is provided.
Alabama: It shall be unlawful for a negro and white person to play together or in company with each other at any game of pool or billiards.
Alabama: Every employer of white or negro males shall provide for such white or negro males reasonably accessible and separate toilet facilities.
Georgia: All persons licensed to conduct a restaurant, shall serve either white people exclusively or colored people exclusively and shall not sell to the two races within the same room or under the same license.
Georgia: It shall be unlawful for any amateur white baseball team to play on any vacant lot or baseball diamond within two blocks of a playground devoted to the Negro race, and it shall be unlawful for any amateur colored baseball team to play baseball within two blocks of any playground devoted to the white race.
Georgia: All persons licensed to conduct the business of selling beer or wine...shall serve either white people exclusively or colored people exclusively and shall not sell to the two races within the same room at any time.
Louisiana: All circuses, shows, and tent exhibitions, to which the attendance of more than one race is invited shall provide not less than two ticket offices and not less than two entrances.
Virginia: Any public hall, theatre, opera house, motion picture show or place of public entertainment which is attended by both white and colored persons shall separate the white race and the colored race.
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
Mississippi: Any person guilty of printing, publishing or circulating matter urging or presenting arguments in favor of social equality or of intermarriage between whites and negroes, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
HEALTH CARE
Alabama: No person or corporation shall require any white female nurse to nurse in wards or rooms in hospitals, either public or private, in which negro men are placed.
Louisiana: The board of trustees shall maintain a separate building, on separate grounds, for the admission, care, instruction, and support of all blind persons of the colored or black race.
Mississippi: There shall be maintained by the governing authorities of every hospital maintained by the state for treatment of white and colored patients separate entrances for white and colored patients and visitors, and such entrances shall be used by the race only for which they are prepared.
HOUSING
Louisiana: Any person...who shall rent any part of any such building to a negro person or a negro family when such building is already in whole or in part in occupancy by a white person or white family shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
Mississippi: The prison warden shall see that the white convicts shall have separate apartments for both eating and sleeping from the negro convicts.
LIBRARIES
Texas: Negroes are to be served through a separate branch or branches of the county free library, which shall be administered by a custodian of the negro race under the supervision of the county librarian.
North Carolina: The state librarian is directed to fit up and maintain a separate place for the use of the colored people who may come to the library for the purpose of reading books or periodicals.
MARRIAGE
Arizona: The marriage of a person of Caucasian blood with a Negro shall be null and void.
Florida: All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a white person and a person of negro descent to the fourth generation inclusive, are hereby forever prohibited.
Florida: Any negro man and white woman, or any white man and negro woman, who are not married to each other, who habitually live in and occupy in the nighttime the same room, shall each be punished by imprisonment not exceeding 12 months, or by fine not exceeding five hundred dollars.
Maryland: All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a white person and a person of negro descent, to the third generation, inclusive…are forever prohibited, and shall be void.
Mississippi: The marriage of a white person with a negro or mulatto or person who shall have one-eighth or more of negro blood, shall be unlawful and void.
Wyoming: All marriages of white persons with Negroes, Mulattos, Mongolians, or Malaya hereafter contracted in the State of Wyoming are, and shall be, illegal and void.
SERVICES
Georgia: No colored barber shall serve as a barber to white women or girls.
Georgia: The officer in charge shall not bury, or allow to be buried, any colored persons upon ground set apart or used for the burial of white persons.
TRANSPORTATION
Alabama: All passenger stations in this state operated by any motor transportation company shall have separate waiting rooms or space and separate ticket windows for the white and colored races.
Alabama: The conductor of each passenger train is authorized and required to assign each passenger to the car or the division of the car, when it is divided by a partition, designated for the race to which such passenger belongs. Maryland: All railroad companies are hereby required to provide separate cars or coaches for the travel and transportation of the white and colored passengers.
WORK
Oklahoma: The baths and lockers for the negroes shall be separate from the white race, but may be in the same building. (Mining companies)
For more Jim Crow laws, visit the Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site.
http://americanradioworks.publicradio.org/features/remembering/
Starting in the 1890s, states throughout the South passed laws designed to prevent Black citizens from improving their status or achieving equality. These statutes, which together were known as Jim Crow, were in place and enforced until the 1950s and 60s. Here is a sampling of those laws, grouped by topic.
EDUCATION
Florida: The schools for white children and the schools for negro children shall be conducted separately.
Kentucky: The children of white and colored races committed to reform schools shall be kept entirely separate from each other.
Mississippi: Separate schools shall be maintained for the children of the white and colored races.
Mississippi: Separate free schools shall be established for the education of children of African descent; and it shall be unlawful for any colored child to attend any white school, or any white child to attend a colored school.
New Mexico: Separate rooms shall be provided for the teaching of pupils of African descent, and such pupils may not be admitted to the school rooms occupied and used by pupils of Caucasian or other descent.
North Carolina: School textbooks shall not be interchangeable between the white and colored schools, but shall continue to be used by the race first using them.
ENTERTAINMENT
Alabama: It shall be unlawful to conduct a restaurant or other place for the serving of food in the city, at which white and colored people are served in the same room, unless such white and colored persons are effectually separated by a solid partition extending from the floor upward to a distance of seven feet or higher, and unless a separate entrance from the street is provided.
Alabama: It shall be unlawful for a negro and white person to play together or in company with each other at any game of pool or billiards.
Alabama: Every employer of white or negro males shall provide for such white or negro males reasonably accessible and separate toilet facilities.
Georgia: All persons licensed to conduct a restaurant, shall serve either white people exclusively or colored people exclusively and shall not sell to the two races within the same room or under the same license.
Georgia: It shall be unlawful for any amateur white baseball team to play on any vacant lot or baseball diamond within two blocks of a playground devoted to the Negro race, and it shall be unlawful for any amateur colored baseball team to play baseball within two blocks of any playground devoted to the white race.
Georgia: All persons licensed to conduct the business of selling beer or wine...shall serve either white people exclusively or colored people exclusively and shall not sell to the two races within the same room at any time.
Louisiana: All circuses, shows, and tent exhibitions, to which the attendance of more than one race is invited shall provide not less than two ticket offices and not less than two entrances.
Virginia: Any public hall, theatre, opera house, motion picture show or place of public entertainment which is attended by both white and colored persons shall separate the white race and the colored race.
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
Mississippi: Any person guilty of printing, publishing or circulating matter urging or presenting arguments in favor of social equality or of intermarriage between whites and negroes, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
HEALTH CARE
Alabama: No person or corporation shall require any white female nurse to nurse in wards or rooms in hospitals, either public or private, in which negro men are placed.
Louisiana: The board of trustees shall maintain a separate building, on separate grounds, for the admission, care, instruction, and support of all blind persons of the colored or black race.
Mississippi: There shall be maintained by the governing authorities of every hospital maintained by the state for treatment of white and colored patients separate entrances for white and colored patients and visitors, and such entrances shall be used by the race only for which they are prepared.
HOUSING
Louisiana: Any person...who shall rent any part of any such building to a negro person or a negro family when such building is already in whole or in part in occupancy by a white person or white family shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
Mississippi: The prison warden shall see that the white convicts shall have separate apartments for both eating and sleeping from the negro convicts.
LIBRARIES
Texas: Negroes are to be served through a separate branch or branches of the county free library, which shall be administered by a custodian of the negro race under the supervision of the county librarian.
North Carolina: The state librarian is directed to fit up and maintain a separate place for the use of the colored people who may come to the library for the purpose of reading books or periodicals.
MARRIAGE
Arizona: The marriage of a person of Caucasian blood with a Negro shall be null and void.
Florida: All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a white person and a person of negro descent to the fourth generation inclusive, are hereby forever prohibited.
Florida: Any negro man and white woman, or any white man and negro woman, who are not married to each other, who habitually live in and occupy in the nighttime the same room, shall each be punished by imprisonment not exceeding 12 months, or by fine not exceeding five hundred dollars.
Maryland: All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a white person and a person of negro descent, to the third generation, inclusive…are forever prohibited, and shall be void.
Mississippi: The marriage of a white person with a negro or mulatto or person who shall have one-eighth or more of negro blood, shall be unlawful and void.
Wyoming: All marriages of white persons with Negroes, Mulattos, Mongolians, or Malaya hereafter contracted in the State of Wyoming are, and shall be, illegal and void.
SERVICES
Georgia: No colored barber shall serve as a barber to white women or girls.
Georgia: The officer in charge shall not bury, or allow to be buried, any colored persons upon ground set apart or used for the burial of white persons.
TRANSPORTATION
Alabama: All passenger stations in this state operated by any motor transportation company shall have separate waiting rooms or space and separate ticket windows for the white and colored races.
Alabama: The conductor of each passenger train is authorized and required to assign each passenger to the car or the division of the car, when it is divided by a partition, designated for the race to which such passenger belongs. Maryland: All railroad companies are hereby required to provide separate cars or coaches for the travel and transportation of the white and colored passengers.
WORK
Oklahoma: The baths and lockers for the negroes shall be separate from the white race, but may be in the same building. (Mining companies)
For more Jim Crow laws, visit the Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site.
http://americanradioworks.publicradio.org/features/remembering/
Jim Crow Laws
Jim Crow Laws
Starting in the 1890s, states throughout the South passed laws designed to prevent Black citizens from improving their status or achieving equality. These statutes, which together were known as Jim Crow, were in place and enforced until the 1950s and 60s. Here is a sampling of those laws, grouped by topic.
EDUCATION
Florida: The schools for white children and the schools for negro children shall be conducted separately.
Kentucky: The children of white and colored races committed to reform schools shall be kept entirely separate from each other.
Mississippi: Separate schools shall be maintained for the children of the white and colored races.
Mississippi: Separate free schools shall be established for the education of children of African descent; and it shall be unlawful for any colored child to attend any white school, or any white child to attend a colored school.
New Mexico: Separate rooms shall be provided for the teaching of pupils of African descent, and such pupils may not be admitted to the school rooms occupied and used by pupils of Caucasian or other descent.
North Carolina: School textbooks shall not be interchangeable between the white and colored schools, but shall continue to be used by the race first using them.
ENTERTAINMENT
Alabama: It shall be unlawful to conduct a restaurant or other place for the serving of food in the city, at which white and colored people are served in the same room, unless such white and colored persons are effectually separated by a solid partition extending from the floor upward to a distance of seven feet or higher, and unless a separate entrance from the street is provided.
Alabama: It shall be unlawful for a negro and white person to play together or in company with each other at any game of pool or billiards.
Alabama: Every employer of white or negro males shall provide for such white or negro males reasonably accessible and separate toilet facilities.
Georgia: All persons licensed to conduct a restaurant, shall serve either white people exclusively or colored people exclusively and shall not sell to the two races within the same room or under the same license.
Georgia: It shall be unlawful for any amateur white baseball team to play on any vacant lot or baseball diamond within two blocks of a playground devoted to the Negro race, and it shall be unlawful for any amateur colored baseball team to play baseball within two blocks of any playground devoted to the white race.
Georgia: All persons licensed to conduct the business of selling beer or wine...shall serve either white people exclusively or colored people exclusively and shall not sell to the two races within the same room at any time.
Louisiana: All circuses, shows, and tent exhibitions, to which the attendance of more than one race is invited shall provide not less than two ticket offices and not less than two entrances.
Virginia: Any public hall, theatre, opera house, motion picture show or place of public entertainment which is attended by both white and colored persons shall separate the white race and the colored race.
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
Mississippi: Any person guilty of printing, publishing or circulating matter urging or presenting arguments in favor of social equality or of intermarriage between whites and negroes, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
HEALTH CARE
Alabama: No person or corporation shall require any white female nurse to nurse in wards or rooms in hospitals, either public or private, in which negro men are placed.
Louisiana: The board of trustees shall maintain a separate building, on separate grounds, for the admission, care, instruction, and support of all blind persons of the colored or black race.
Mississippi: There shall be maintained by the governing authorities of every hospital maintained by the state for treatment of white and colored patients separate entrances for white and colored patients and visitors, and such entrances shall be used by the race only for which they are prepared.
HOUSING
Louisiana: Any person...who shall rent any part of any such building to a negro person or a negro family when such building is already in whole or in part in occupancy by a white person or white family shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
Mississippi: The prison warden shall see that the white convicts shall have separate apartments for both eating and sleeping from the negro convicts.
LIBRARIES
Texas: Negroes are to be served through a separate branch or branches of the county free library, which shall be administered by a custodian of the negro race under the supervision of the county librarian.
North Carolina: The state librarian is directed to fit up and maintain a separate place for the use of the colored people who may come to the library for the purpose of reading books or periodicals.
MARRIAGE
Arizona: The marriage of a person of Caucasian blood with a Negro shall be null and void.
Florida: All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a white person and a person of negro descent to the fourth generation inclusive, are hereby forever prohibited.
Florida: Any negro man and white woman, or any white man and negro woman, who are not married to each other, who habitually live in and occupy in the nighttime the same room, shall each be punished by imprisonment not exceeding 12 months, or by fine not exceeding five hundred dollars.
Maryland: All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a white person and a person of negro descent, to the third generation, inclusive…are forever prohibited, and shall be void.
Mississippi: The marriage of a white person with a negro or mulatto or person who shall have one-eighth or more of negro blood, shall be unlawful and void.
Wyoming: All marriages of white persons with Negroes, Mulattos, Mongolians, or Malaya hereafter contracted in the State of Wyoming are, and shall be, illegal and void.
SERVICES
Georgia: No colored barber shall serve as a barber to white women or girls.
Georgia: The officer in charge shall not bury, or allow to be buried, any colored persons upon ground set apart or used for the burial of white persons.
TRANSPORTATION
Alabama: All passenger stations in this state operated by any motor transportation company shall have separate waiting rooms or space and separate ticket windows for the white and colored races.
Alabama: The conductor of each passenger train is authorized and required to assign each passenger to the car or the division of the car, when it is divided by a partition, designated for the race to which such passenger belongs. Maryland: All railroad companies are hereby required to provide separate cars or coaches for the travel and transportation of the white and colored passengers.
WORK
Oklahoma: The baths and lockers for the negroes shall be separate from the white race, but may be in the same building. (Mining companies)
For more Jim Crow laws, visit the Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site.
Starting in the 1890s, states throughout the South passed laws designed to prevent Black citizens from improving their status or achieving equality. These statutes, which together were known as Jim Crow, were in place and enforced until the 1950s and 60s. Here is a sampling of those laws, grouped by topic.
EDUCATION
Florida: The schools for white children and the schools for negro children shall be conducted separately.
Kentucky: The children of white and colored races committed to reform schools shall be kept entirely separate from each other.
Mississippi: Separate schools shall be maintained for the children of the white and colored races.
Mississippi: Separate free schools shall be established for the education of children of African descent; and it shall be unlawful for any colored child to attend any white school, or any white child to attend a colored school.
New Mexico: Separate rooms shall be provided for the teaching of pupils of African descent, and such pupils may not be admitted to the school rooms occupied and used by pupils of Caucasian or other descent.
North Carolina: School textbooks shall not be interchangeable between the white and colored schools, but shall continue to be used by the race first using them.
ENTERTAINMENT
Alabama: It shall be unlawful to conduct a restaurant or other place for the serving of food in the city, at which white and colored people are served in the same room, unless such white and colored persons are effectually separated by a solid partition extending from the floor upward to a distance of seven feet or higher, and unless a separate entrance from the street is provided.
Alabama: It shall be unlawful for a negro and white person to play together or in company with each other at any game of pool or billiards.
Alabama: Every employer of white or negro males shall provide for such white or negro males reasonably accessible and separate toilet facilities.
Georgia: All persons licensed to conduct a restaurant, shall serve either white people exclusively or colored people exclusively and shall not sell to the two races within the same room or under the same license.
Georgia: It shall be unlawful for any amateur white baseball team to play on any vacant lot or baseball diamond within two blocks of a playground devoted to the Negro race, and it shall be unlawful for any amateur colored baseball team to play baseball within two blocks of any playground devoted to the white race.
Georgia: All persons licensed to conduct the business of selling beer or wine...shall serve either white people exclusively or colored people exclusively and shall not sell to the two races within the same room at any time.
Louisiana: All circuses, shows, and tent exhibitions, to which the attendance of more than one race is invited shall provide not less than two ticket offices and not less than two entrances.
Virginia: Any public hall, theatre, opera house, motion picture show or place of public entertainment which is attended by both white and colored persons shall separate the white race and the colored race.
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
Mississippi: Any person guilty of printing, publishing or circulating matter urging or presenting arguments in favor of social equality or of intermarriage between whites and negroes, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
HEALTH CARE
Alabama: No person or corporation shall require any white female nurse to nurse in wards or rooms in hospitals, either public or private, in which negro men are placed.
Louisiana: The board of trustees shall maintain a separate building, on separate grounds, for the admission, care, instruction, and support of all blind persons of the colored or black race.
Mississippi: There shall be maintained by the governing authorities of every hospital maintained by the state for treatment of white and colored patients separate entrances for white and colored patients and visitors, and such entrances shall be used by the race only for which they are prepared.
HOUSING
Louisiana: Any person...who shall rent any part of any such building to a negro person or a negro family when such building is already in whole or in part in occupancy by a white person or white family shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
Mississippi: The prison warden shall see that the white convicts shall have separate apartments for both eating and sleeping from the negro convicts.
LIBRARIES
Texas: Negroes are to be served through a separate branch or branches of the county free library, which shall be administered by a custodian of the negro race under the supervision of the county librarian.
North Carolina: The state librarian is directed to fit up and maintain a separate place for the use of the colored people who may come to the library for the purpose of reading books or periodicals.
MARRIAGE
Arizona: The marriage of a person of Caucasian blood with a Negro shall be null and void.
Florida: All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a white person and a person of negro descent to the fourth generation inclusive, are hereby forever prohibited.
Florida: Any negro man and white woman, or any white man and negro woman, who are not married to each other, who habitually live in and occupy in the nighttime the same room, shall each be punished by imprisonment not exceeding 12 months, or by fine not exceeding five hundred dollars.
Maryland: All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a white person and a person of negro descent, to the third generation, inclusive…are forever prohibited, and shall be void.
Mississippi: The marriage of a white person with a negro or mulatto or person who shall have one-eighth or more of negro blood, shall be unlawful and void.
Wyoming: All marriages of white persons with Negroes, Mulattos, Mongolians, or Malaya hereafter contracted in the State of Wyoming are, and shall be, illegal and void.
SERVICES
Georgia: No colored barber shall serve as a barber to white women or girls.
Georgia: The officer in charge shall not bury, or allow to be buried, any colored persons upon ground set apart or used for the burial of white persons.
TRANSPORTATION
Alabama: All passenger stations in this state operated by any motor transportation company shall have separate waiting rooms or space and separate ticket windows for the white and colored races.
Alabama: The conductor of each passenger train is authorized and required to assign each passenger to the car or the division of the car, when it is divided by a partition, designated for the race to which such passenger belongs. Maryland: All railroad companies are hereby required to provide separate cars or coaches for the travel and transportation of the white and colored passengers.
WORK
Oklahoma: The baths and lockers for the negroes shall be separate from the white race, but may be in the same building. (Mining companies)
For more Jim Crow laws, visit the Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site.
Thursday, February 21, 2008
Today's movie: Amistad
The movie Amistad is about the slaves who are American-African, went to the America, and came back to the Africa. It has lots of informations about slaveship. It would be nice to watch Amistad.
Today's question: What kind of things do slaves make??? and where???
http://www.iabolish.org/slavery_today/products/index.html
Monday, February 18, 2008
Today's Question: What kind of slavery are they???
CHATTEL SLAVERY is closest to the slavery that prevailed in early American history. Chattel slaves are considered their masters’ property — exchanged for things like trucks or money and expected to perform labor and sexual favors. Once of age, their children are expected to do the same. Chattel slavery is typically racially-based; in the North African country of Mauritania, for example, black Africans serve the lighter-skinned Arab-Berber communities. Though slavery was legally abolished there in 1980, today 90,000 slaves continue to serve the Muslim Berber ruling class. Similarly, in the African country of Sudan, Arab northerners are known to raid the villages in the South — killing all the men and taking the women and children to be auctioned off and sold into slavery.
DEBT BONDAGE, or bonded labor, is the most widely practiced form of slavery around the world. In Southeast Asia, where it is most prevalent, debt bondage claims an estimated 15 to 20 million victims. The staggering poverty there forces many parents to offer themselves or their own children as collateral against a loan. Though they are promised they will work only until their debt is paid off, the reality is much grimmer. Thanks to inflated interest rates and fresh debts incurred while being fed and housed, the debt becomes impossible to pay off. As a result, it is often inherited by the bonded laborer’s children, perpetuating a vicious cycle that can claim several generations.
SEX SLAVERY finds women and children forced into prostitution. Many are lured by false offers of a good job and then beaten and forced to work in brothels. In Southeast Asia, however, it is not uncommon to find women coerced by their own husbands, fathers, and brothers to earn money for the men in the family to pay back local money lenders. In other cases, victims pay tens of thousands of dollars to get to another country and are then forced into prostitution in pay off their own debts. In still others, women or girls are plainly kidnapped from their home countries. The sex slavery trade thrives in Central and Eastern Europe and in North America. An estimated two million women and children are sold into sex slavery around the world every year.
FORCED LABOR often results when individuals are lured by the promise of a good job but instead find themselves subjected to slaving conditions — working without payment and enduring physical abuse, often in harsh and hazardous conditions. Victims include domestic workers, construction workers, and even human mine detectors. Migrant workers are particularly vulnerable, as their constant changes of location make the organized crime rings that traffic them difficult to bust.
http://www.iabolish.org/modern_slavery101/
DEBT BONDAGE, or bonded labor, is the most widely practiced form of slavery around the world. In Southeast Asia, where it is most prevalent, debt bondage claims an estimated 15 to 20 million victims. The staggering poverty there forces many parents to offer themselves or their own children as collateral against a loan. Though they are promised they will work only until their debt is paid off, the reality is much grimmer. Thanks to inflated interest rates and fresh debts incurred while being fed and housed, the debt becomes impossible to pay off. As a result, it is often inherited by the bonded laborer’s children, perpetuating a vicious cycle that can claim several generations.
SEX SLAVERY finds women and children forced into prostitution. Many are lured by false offers of a good job and then beaten and forced to work in brothels. In Southeast Asia, however, it is not uncommon to find women coerced by their own husbands, fathers, and brothers to earn money for the men in the family to pay back local money lenders. In other cases, victims pay tens of thousands of dollars to get to another country and are then forced into prostitution in pay off their own debts. In still others, women or girls are plainly kidnapped from their home countries. The sex slavery trade thrives in Central and Eastern Europe and in North America. An estimated two million women and children are sold into sex slavery around the world every year.
FORCED LABOR often results when individuals are lured by the promise of a good job but instead find themselves subjected to slaving conditions — working without payment and enduring physical abuse, often in harsh and hazardous conditions. Victims include domestic workers, construction workers, and even human mine detectors. Migrant workers are particularly vulnerable, as their constant changes of location make the organized crime rings that traffic them difficult to bust.
http://www.iabolish.org/modern_slavery101/
Thursday, February 14, 2008
Today's Fast Facts
FAST FACTS
1.Slavery today is defined as forced labor without pay under threat of violence.
2.600,000 to 800,000 people are trafficked internationally every year. Approximately 80% of them are women and children.
3.Slavery was officially abolished worldwide at the 1927 Slavery Convention, yet it continues to thrive thanks to the complicity of some governments and the ignorance of much of the world.
4.In the 2000 Refugee Report, “Trafficking in Women and Children: A Contemporary Manifestation of Slavery,” former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright calls human trafficking “the fastest growing criminal enterprise in the world.”
5.Slavery is an extremely profitable, international industry. Experts estimate trafficking in the US yields $9 billion every year. Around the world, trafficking in women for commercial sex purposes nets $6 billion per year. The trade of human flesh is so lucrative that authorities complain that even as they close in on one smuggling ring in the US, another one pops up.
6.The four most common types of slavery are: chattel slavery, debt bondage, forced labor, and sexual slavery.
(http://www.iabolish.org/slavery_today/primer/index.html)
1.Slavery today is defined as forced labor without pay under threat of violence.
2.600,000 to 800,000 people are trafficked internationally every year. Approximately 80% of them are women and children.
3.Slavery was officially abolished worldwide at the 1927 Slavery Convention, yet it continues to thrive thanks to the complicity of some governments and the ignorance of much of the world.
4.In the 2000 Refugee Report, “Trafficking in Women and Children: A Contemporary Manifestation of Slavery,” former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright calls human trafficking “the fastest growing criminal enterprise in the world.”
5.Slavery is an extremely profitable, international industry. Experts estimate trafficking in the US yields $9 billion every year. Around the world, trafficking in women for commercial sex purposes nets $6 billion per year. The trade of human flesh is so lucrative that authorities complain that even as they close in on one smuggling ring in the US, another one pops up.
6.The four most common types of slavery are: chattel slavery, debt bondage, forced labor, and sexual slavery.
(http://www.iabolish.org/slavery_today/primer/index.html)
Today's goals
Slavery didn't end during the Civil War. Today, 27 million men, women, and children endure brutal working conditions for no money and under the constant threat of beatings, torture, and rape(http://www.iabolish.org/slavery_today/index.html)
So many slaves are still exist today.
Today is Valentine's Day. Did you know that lots of slaves are working for making Chocolate???
To help the world, how about to give fiendly letters to your friend instead of chocolates?
Let's save the slaves!!!
So many slaves are still exist today.
Today is Valentine's Day. Did you know that lots of slaves are working for making Chocolate???
To help the world, how about to give fiendly letters to your friend instead of chocolates?
Let's save the slaves!!!
Today's interesting facts
1. It has existed in every culture in the world from the beginning to just recently
2. Slavery exists in the world today, in one form or another.
3. African slave trade to the Americas was started by black Kings (Benin) to have money to buy Europeon trade goods, and gather gold.
4. In the pre-civil war American South, there were really blacks who owned other blacks as slaves and they didn't treat their slaves any better than white slave owners.
5. In the USA, only about 10 - 12% of all Southern folk could even afford a slave. In the north U.S. Grant refused to free his slaves until it was made illegal by constitutional amendment
From... http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060914095825AAoEOE9
2. Slavery exists in the world today, in one form or another.
3. African slave trade to the Americas was started by black Kings (Benin) to have money to buy Europeon trade goods, and gather gold.
4. In the pre-civil war American South, there were really blacks who owned other blacks as slaves and they didn't treat their slaves any better than white slave owners.
5. In the USA, only about 10 - 12% of all Southern folk could even afford a slave. In the north U.S. Grant refused to free his slaves until it was made illegal by constitutional amendment
From... http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060914095825AAoEOE9
Wednesday, February 13, 2008
Today's interesting facts (1)
Wanton cruelty in the treatment of slaves was forbidden by the Code of Hammurabi, one of the most famous of ancient documents. It was promulgated in the King's name in Babylonia sometime between 2100 and 1800 B.C. The code, however, stipulated that slaves were to be branded on the forehead and forbidden to hide or mask the mark. (source)
Slavery was a universal institution throughout ancient times. For instance, it was never questioned in the Old Testament or New Testament. [ Ancient Civilisations Slavery ] (source)
In ancient Egypt, slaves are known to have been murdered to accompany their deceased owners to the afterlife. [ Ancient Egypt Slavery ] (source)
The first person on record to denounce slavery as an evil was Euripides. He wrote in his play Hecuba, "That thing of evil, by its nature evil,/ Forcing submission from a man to what/ No man should yield to." [ Slavery Firsts ] (source)
At the turn of the last millennium, the world's largest slave market was run by Vikings in Dublin. [ Slavery Vikings ]
One of the causes of the decline of the Roman Empire may have been their use of slave labour. While the ancient Greeks had many impressive scientific and mathematical achievements, they never succeeded in applying any of their discoveries to any practical use, partly because slave labour was cheaper and easily available. By the end of the second century A.D., the ancient world's lack of industrial technology and labour-saving machines started to make it impossible for the Roman Empire to maintain both its military and a healthy civilian population. [ Roman Empire Slavery ]
St. Patrick (circa 385–461), who in his youth had been enslaved in Ireland, was the first prominent historical figure to speak out against the institution of slavery. [ Ancient Britain and Ireland Slavery Saints ]
In ancient China, some slaveowners appointed their male slaves as their heirs if they had no natural offspring. (source)
Slavery ended in Western Europe in the 7th century, when a British girl, Bathilde, was taken as a slave and sold to Clovis II, King of the Franks (638–655). Clovis fell in love with and married her. After the king died, Bathilde, acting as regent for their three young sons, outlawed slavery. She was later canonized as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church. [ Saints Slavery The Middle Ages ] (source)
Between 7 million and 10 million slaves were brought to the New World from Africa. (source)
Russia was essentially founded as a by-product of slave raids by Vikings travelling between Scandinavia and the Byzantine Empire in the ninth century. [ World Countries Slavery Vikings ] (source)
The word slave comes from Slav, the name of a group of Eastern European peoples. In antiquity, Germanic tribes captured Slavs and sold them to the Romans as slaves. The Latin word for slave, addict, has become the English word for someone dependent on something harmful. [ Slavery English Words ] (source)
While serving in Congress, Thomas Jefferson introduced a bill that would prohibit slavery in any future state admitted to the United States. This measure could have later prevented the U.S. Civil War; however, it was defeated by a single vote. (source)
Slavery came to an end in the British Empire on August 1st, 1834, when legislation passed in 1833 took effect. The legislation specified an apprenticeship scheme for the freed slaves that in some cases caused former slaves to be treated harsher than before, but the last of slavery in any form in the Empire came to an end by August 1st, 1838. The legislation also compensated slave-owners with £20,000,000; the freed slaves received nothing. [ Lasts Slavery ] (source)
In ancient Rome, many freed slaves were rich and some achieved high positions in government. (source)
In Korea before the mid 18th century, between ⅓ and ½ of the population were slaves. (source)
In the year 1086, around 10% of the population of England entered in the Domesday Book were slaves, with the percentage as high as 20% in some places. [ Slavery Mediaeval England ] (source)
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, unless for the punishment of crime, shall ever be tolerated in this state." Thus read the state of Michigan's constitution in 1850. Inadvertently, it legalized slavery as an appropriate punishment for crime. Not until 1963 was the comma shifted from its position after servitude to a position after slavery, and slavery was once again outlawed in the state. [ Laws and Customs Slavery ] (source)
In 1853 Illinois passed a law that required any black entering the state and staying more than ten days to pay a fine of $50. If he could not pay, the black could be sold into slavery for a period commensurate with the fine. [ Slavery Laws and Customs ] (source)
The Emancipation Proclamation did not free any slaves. Issued by Abraham Lincoln on New Year's Day 1863, the proclamation freed only slaves in the areas controlled by the rebel Confederate government, where Lincoln had no authority to enforce it. [ Misconceptions Laws and Customs Slavery ] (source)
At the end of the American civil war, Northern general Ulysses S. Grant owned four slaves while fighting for the North (who opposed slavery) against the South (who were in favour of slavery). He refused to free his slaves at the end of the war, when he was forced to do so by law. His counterpart in the South, general Robert E. Lee, was morally opposed to slavery and had freed his slaves in the late 1840's, believing that "slavery as an institution is a moral and political evil in any society, a greater evil to the white man than the black". (source)
The country of Liberia was founded as a voluntary haven for freed American slaves. The land was purchased from tribal chiefs in 1822 by the American Colonization Society, the price including among other things a box of beads, three pairs of shoes, a box of soap, a barrel of rum, and 12 spoons. [ Slavery World Countries ] (source)
In the early 16th century, Native Americans were enslaved by the Spanish in the New World. In 1517, missionary Bartolomé de Las Casas, sickened by this enslavement, was the first to suggest bringing Africans to the New World as slaves. He regretted this suggestion almost as soon as he had made it. (source)
In the second half of the eighteenth century, slavery was dying out in not only the northern but also the southern United States. The man indirectly responsible for its perpetuation was Eli Whitney, whose cotton gin, invented in 1793, was so efficient that it injected new life into the stagnant southern economy, dooming blacks to another 70 years of slavery. (source)
Patrick Henry, an American political leader famous for his quote "Give me liberty, or give me death", owned 65 slaves at the time of his death in 1799. (source)
In Thai, one shows politeness by using the word "slave" for "I". [ Languages of the World Slavery ] (source)
Slaves have almost always been used where they would be cheaper and more productive than hired workers. Therefore, in societies that made significant use of slaves, including ancient Rome and the southern United States, there was usually a free lower class that would find it very difficult to find work and would become so impoverished that their living standards would often be lower than that of the slaves. (source)
According to estimates by anti-slavery groups, there were 27 million slaves in the world at the start of the 21st century, more than in any other historical period, despite modern international attention around slavery. (source)
(Copied from:http://www.sentex.net/~ajy/facts/slavery.html)
Today's interesting facts(2)
The Gullah language is what linguists call an English-based creole language.African "substrate languages" have altered the pronunciation of almost all the English words, influenced the grammar and sentence structure, and provided a sizable minority of the vocabulary.
Copied by :http://www.yale.edu/glc/gullah/06.htm
Copied by :http://www.yale.edu/glc/gullah/06.htm
Today's Interesting facts
1.Despite many efforts to end slavery, it still exists today. Some 27million people worldwide are enslaved or worked as forced laborers.That;s more people than at any other point in the history of the world.
2. Victor(not Victor Choi), a young boy who escaped from slavery on a cocoa plantation, had never tasted chocolate. When asked what he would say those who buy the chocolate that he helped produce, he replied: "They buy something I suffer to make. Ther are eating my flesh."@ Copied by iabolish.org*Also, go and find out more from; http://www.iabolish.org/slavery_today/products/index.html*
2. Victor(not Victor Choi), a young boy who escaped from slavery on a cocoa plantation, had never tasted chocolate. When asked what he would say those who buy the chocolate that he helped produce, he replied: "They buy something I suffer to make. Ther are eating my flesh."@ Copied by iabolish.org*Also, go and find out more from; http://www.iabolish.org/slavery_today/products/index.html*
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Also, he was the key player in his team. His team won the All-City tournament.
